Dr. Andrea Ross

    بالتأكيد، سأكون سعيدًا بمناقشة عوامل الخطر المختلفة المرتبطة بسرطان الثدي. العمر: يزداد خطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي مع تقدم العمر. غالبية حالات سرطان الثدي تحدث لدى النساء فوق سن الخمسين. تاريخ العائلة:  الأفراد الذين لديهم أقارب مقربين (مثل الأم أو الأخت أو الابنة) الذين أصيبوا بسرطان الثدي هم أكثر عرضة للخطر. ويزداد هذا الخطر بشكل أكبر إذا أصيب قريب مصاب بسرطان الثدي في سن مبكرة أو إذا أصيب العديد من https://breastcancerpathology.universeconferences.com/registration/ الأقارب المقربين. الطفرات الجينية (BRCA1/BRCA2):   الطفرات في جينات BRCA1 وBRCA2 تزيد بشكل كبير من خطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي والمبيض. تنتج هذه الجينات عادةً بروتينات تساعد على تثبيط نمو الخلايا وإصلاح الحمض النووي. وعندما تتحور هذه الخلايا، يرتفع خطر نمو الخلايا غير المنضبط وتطور السرطان. التعرض للإستروجين:  التعرض لفترات طويلة لهرمون الاستروجين هو عامل خطر. يمكن أن يكون هذا بسبب عوامل مثل بداية الدورة الشهرية المبكرة (قبل سن 12 عامًا) ، بداية انقطاع الطمث المتأخر (بعد سن 55) ، أو استخ...

  Precision Medicine and Targeted Therapies: These therapies focus on specific genetic or molecular abnormalities present in cancer cells. They aim to target these abnormalities with drugs, which can lead to more efficient tumor control with fewer side effects compared to traditional treatments. Immunotherapy: As mentioned earlier, immunotherapy is a ground-breaking approach that harnesses the body's own immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. This has shown remarkable success in various types of cancer, including some forms of breast cancer. CAR-T Cell Therapy: This is a form of immunotherapy where a patient's T cells (a type of immune cell) are engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that target specific proteins in cancer cells. These modified T cells are then infused back into the patient, where they can recognize and attack cancer cells. Radio embolization and Radiotherapy Techniques: These techniques use targeted radiation to destroy ca...

  Redness and Warmth: The affected breast may appear r red, swollen, and feel warm to the touch. This is due to the buildup of cancer cells blocking lymph vessels, leading to inflammation. Swelling: The breast can become noticeably larger, firmer, and more tender compared to the other breast. This swelling occurs because of the cancer cells obstructing the lymphatic vessels, causing fluid retention. Peau d'Orange: The skin of the breast may develop a texture resembling an orange peel, with dimpling or ridges caused by the buildup of cancer cells in the lymphatic vessels beneath the skin. Pain: The affected breast might be painful, and this pain is usually not relieved by common pain medications. Rapid Progression: IBC tends to progress more quickly than other types of breast cancer, spreading to nearby lymph nodes and other parts of the body at an accelerated rate. Due to the aggressive nature of IBC, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. It's importa...

  Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS), süt kanallarının iç yüzeyinde anormal hücrelerin bulunduğu ancak çevre dokulara yayılmadığı bir tür pre-invaziv meme kanseridir. "In situ" terimi, Latince kökenli olup "yerinde" anlamına gelir ve kanser hücrelerinin bulunduğu bölgeyi sınırlar. Bununla DCIS , genellikle mamografiler sırasında saptanır ve çoğu durumda belirli semptomlara yol açmaz. Bununla birlikte, ilerleyen safhalarda invaziv meme kanserine dönüşebilme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu nedenle, erken teşhis ve tedavi önemlidir. DCIS teşhisi konduğunda, tedavi yaklaşımı genellikle şunları içerebilir: Cerrahi Girişimler : DCIS vakalarının çoğunda cerrahi müdahale gereklidir. Bu, genellikle lumpektomi olarak adlandırılan bir işlemi içerebilir. Lumpektomi, sadece anormal hücreleri içeren bölgenin çıkarılması anlamına gelir. Radyoterapi : Lumpektomi sonrası radyoterapi önerilebilir . Bu, meme dokusundaki olası kanser hücrelerinin yok edilmesine yardımcı olabilir....

You're correct in your description of breast cancer. It is indeed the most prevalent form of breast pathology and involves the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the breast tissue. Here's a bit more detail about the types you mentioned: Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): DCIS is a non-invasive form of breast cancer where abnormal cells are found in the lining of a breast duct but have not spread outside the duct to invade the surrounding tissue. It is often detected through mammograms and is considered an early-stage cancer. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): This is the most common type of breast cancer . IDC begins in the milk ducts of the breast and then invades nearby tissues in the breast. It can also spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system and bloodstream. Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): ILC begins in the lobules (the milk-producing glands) of the breast and can then spread to nearby tissues and other parts of the body. It's less c...

Although researchers are currently unsure of the reasons for this, left-sided breast cancer is more common than right-sided breast cancer. According to studies According to reliable sources, breast cancer is more common in the left breast than in the right. The Surveillance , Epidemiology, and End Results Program analysed data from 881,320 people. The researchers discovered that left-sided tumours were visible in 50.8% of people and right-sided tumours were visible in 49.2% of people. Although there are consistent reports of left-sided breast cancer occurring more frequently than right-sided breast cancer, research into why this occurs is limited. This article investigates why left-sided breast cancer is more common than right-sided breast cancer. It also investigates whether left or right-sided breast cancer has a different outcome. Why is left-sided breast cancer more common? Experts are still puzzled as to why left-sided breast cancer appears to be more prevalent. Various hyp...