Breast cancer classification

Different classification techniques can be used to group breast cancers. Each of these classification systems has a distinct goal and uses various criteria to categorise tumours.

Organizing classes based on pathology:
The cancer is categorised based on its microanatomy and cellular structure. This is the most typical way to categorise or type breast cancer.
This image demonstrates the spread of cancer cells outside the duct. The adjacent breast tissue is being invaded by the cancer cells.
Classification according to grade:
The pathologist assigns a grade to cancer. For instance, a low-grade tumour that has undergone "well-differentiation" mimics healthy tissue. Poorly differentiated tumours, also known as high-grade tumours, are made up of disordered cells and do not resemble normal tissue. Some are also in the intermediate grade or are "moderately differentiated."
Cancer stage-based classification:
TNM staging, which considers the tumour size, lymph node involvement, and metastatic or spread of cancer, is the most widely used method of defining the stage of cancer.
Gene and protein status:
Nowadays, the expression of the ER, PR, and proteins as well as their observable effects are examined in all breast tumours. These tests make use of the status of these proteins known, and the prognosis can be anticipated. Additionally, some cutting-edge medicines may be selected for therapy.
Histological characteristics:

Histological characteristics are frequently, but not always, used to classify breast cancer. Histological types include, among others:
DCIS: Ductal Carcinoma in Situ:
This is an indication of a malignancy that is extremely early stage and has not spread. DCIS is a form of early breast cancer that has not yet spread to the surrounding tissue and is seen inside the ductal system. It is one of the prevalent non-invasive cancer subtypes.

Invasive or infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC):
The most typical form of breast cancer is this one. It begins in the milk ducts and spreads to the tissues around. Through the bloodstream and lymphatic system, this can potentially spread to different bodily areas.
Medullary cancer:
About 15% of all breast cancers are caused by this. The cellular histology resembles the medulla (grey matter) of the brain and is more common in middle-aged women.
Lobular Carcinoma in situ (LCIS):
This type of non-invasive tumour is uncommon. Typically, it does not progress to invasive cancer. The development of LCIS is more of a "marker" or signal for breast cancer. LCIS is now referred to as lobular neoplasia.
Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma (ILC):
This breast cancer subtype is the second most prevalent after invasive ductal carcinoma. The lobules or lobes are where cancer starts, and it spreads to other bodily regions. The upper-outer portion of the breast initially appears to be thickening. These can be successfully treated with hormone therapy since they typically have positive oestrogen and progesterone receptors.
Mucinous carcinoma or colloid:
This is an uncommon form of lymph node-negative invasive breast cancer. Under a microscope, the cancer cells may be distinguished from healthy cells because they secrete mucus. Cancer cells interact with mucous cells to generate tumours that resemble jelly.
Paget's disease:
The result is a change in the nipple's skin that resembles dermatitis. The nipple is itchy, scaling, and seeping discharge are present. Ninety per cent of women who have these symptoms are also suffering from breast cancer. Paget's disease can strike anyone at any age, but it tends to affect women in their 50s.
Inflammatory breast cancer:
This form of breast cancer is uncommon but aggressive. The lymphatic veins in the breast skin get blocked as a result of the malignancy. Instead of appearing as a lump, cancer seems to cover the breast in a vast region like a sheet. The breast seems inflamed, swollen, and red.
Triple-negative breast cancer:
Oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2/neu-negative breast carcinoma.
Metastatic breast cancer:
In this later stage of breast cancer, the disease has already gone to the liver, brain, bones, and other organs.

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· https://medium.com/@elizaedwards2021/10th-world-breast-pathology-and-breast-cancer-conference-6db6e4fc81c2

· https://kikoxp.com/posts/11632

· https://www.quora.com/profile/BreastCancerUCGConferences/10th-World-Breast-Pathology-and-Breast-Cancer-Conference-Dear-colleagues-and-guests-welcome-to-the-10th-World-Breast-Pa

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· https://www.reddit.com/user/breastcancerucg1/comments/taq1kt/10th_world_breast_pathology_and_breast_cancer/

· https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/3238443600245550728/7246086302346767315

· 10th World Breast Pathology and Breast Cancer Conference | LinkedIn

· https://medium.com/@elizaedwards2021/10th-world-breast-pathology-and-breast-cancer-conference-6886c15ccb37

· https://wordpress.com/post/breastpath2022.wordpress.com/6

· https://medium.com/@elizaedwards2021/breast-cancer-disease-f0324f19b8a2

· https://www.blogger.com/blog/posts/3238443600245550728